Lock



2 Sheets-Sheet l LOCK c. J. DlEBoLD Filed May 22, 1924- July 7, 1925.

July 7,1925. 1,544,893

c. J. DIEBOLD Loox lyvelytor 6.6. Disbold Patented July 7, '19275.

l" Unirse .armes CHARLES JQDIEBOLD.' or wnvnirne, MANITOBA, CANADA.

LOCK.

. Application led May 22, 1924. SeriaiNo. 715,028.

To all whom. t may concern.'

Be it known thatl, CHARLES J. DIEBOLD,

of the city of ll/"vlinnipeg, in the Province f of Manitoba, Canada, have inventedl certain new and vuseful Improvements in Locks, of which the'following is the specification.

rihe invention relates toimprovements in locks and anV obiect of the invention is to provide a key controlled'lock which cannot be picked and further to construct the lock from parts which can be readily manuyfactured and assembled and at a reasonable price. y A further object of the invention is to 15, provide a'key lock embodying a plurality 'e fence indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

of tumblers 1 which rotate with the key and (1o-operate with af latch associated with .lock dog tov control the shiftingof the dog to locked or unlocked position. 2o

all of't-hesame shapeY and size. so that they Ycan be readily manufactured in quantities. and'assembled andvto associate with each, tumbler notches or slots adapted to receiveY 25 the key .and the latch in certain positions of y the tumblers.-

c A further object of the invention isv to provide guards for the tumblers.

c With the above morev important objects 39 in view the invention consists essentially in the arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter more particularly ldescribed,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which:I Fig. 1 is a face view of the lock. Fig. 2 is an end view thereof. y

Fig. 3 an enlarged detailed horizontal sectional view at 3 3 Figure land looking in the direction of the applied arrow.

= Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view at 4 4 l Figure 3, the scale being somewhat reduced and with the dog shown in the locked position. v

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 with the tumblers in the position where they have caught the catch of the latch.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Figure 4 with the locked .dog shown in theunlocked position. D Fig. 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view at 7 7 Figure 4 'and looking in the direction of the applied arrow.

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view at 8 8 Figure 7 and looking 'inthe direction of the A further objectisjto provide tumblersf Vsuitable screwsw3 and 4 to the casing. One 5 applied arrow, the' scale being somewhat 55 reduced. l f' f y Fig. 9 is a verticalisectional view through the 'lock case and'showing the locked dog" and retaining plate. Y i

Fig.l 10 is a perspective View of the guard V60 block.

Fig. 11 is a perspectivelview of one of the tumblers. N y

Fig. 12`is a perspective view of the latch.

Fig., 13 is a perspectiveV viewA of the 65 locked dog. y l

Fig.; 14 is a perspective view of the key sha-ft. y e

In the drawin'gslike characters of referlThe. lock casing lis of the .usual rectangular box'shape yandis providedV with a cover plate 2, the lcover platebeing fastened by end `of the casing is fitted with a Substantially rectangular 'slot 5' and the cover pla-tefis provided withanfextension 6 which closes one side of theslot/'One end of the locking bolt 7 is adapted tojpass slid- 80 ably Vthrough the sl`ot'5.y .The dog is carried by 'a vertically disposed laterally offset horizontal.shiftable plate 8 contained Vwithin the casing and operating against the rear wall o-f the casing. Guide pins 9 and 85- 10 extendjinwardly from-theV rear wall of the casing vandfenter horizontally disposed slots 11 and y12`formed in the plate, 'such parts effectively guiding Vthe locking bolt in its horizontal shifting movement. The plate also carries a further pin 13 which v'-is utilized to pivotallysupport a 'latch later described. l

verticallyV disposed' keeper plate 14 is positioned at the front side Aof' the' plate 8 95 lholding the' same in place and the keeper lplate is fastened byfsuitable screws, later disclosed, tothe back ofthe casing. 1

The cover/plate 2 of the casing carries a bearing sleever 15 which is axiallyV aligned with a socket' 16 providedin the keeper plate and the-bearing sleeve receives' a'rotary key shaft 17.which' embodies a rotary-head 18 and' a contractedspindle19 extending inwardly from the head, he inner end of the spindle being rotatably received `Within the socket or opening-16. -The head is'supplied with Aan outstanding flange l,20 which seats against a ledge or shoulder 21 provided at the innerI end of the sleeve, such structure preventing the out-pulling of the key shaft when the part-s are assembled. The key shaft is provided with a lengthwise extending slot 22 for the key, the slot extending from one end of the shaft to the other and from the centre point to one side.

In the locked position of the key shaft the slot 22 is adapted to register with a small slot 23 provided in the sleeve 15 and in this position of the slots the key 24 is adapted to be inserted and withdrawn. The inner end of the slot 23 terminates at the ledge or shoulder and the key is provided with a tooth 25 which when said key is passed through the registering slots and is turned, is adapted to engage with the shoulder and in so doing prevent the removal of the key until such time that the said tooth is again brought in alignment with the said slot 23.

On the spindle 19 I mount rotatably a` plurality of similarly constructed and shaped tumblers. In the present instance four tumblers 26, 27, 28 and 29 are shown, but in this connnection it will be understood that for the purpose of the invention the number of tumblers used is unlimited. `Each tumbler presents a working face 30V concentric to the key shaft and the said tumbler is preferably made from a metallic sheet or plate stamped to the shape shown best in Figure 11. The face 30 of each tumbler is provided with a slot 31 and these slots are differently positioned in the several tumblers, but all have a rounded upper corner 32 for the purpose later disclosed. Each tumbler is also provided with a radially disposed key slot 33, the key slots of the diifen ent tumblers being of a different shape.

` In the locked position of the locked dog the tumblers all rest against a cross rib 34 extending from the front to the back of the casing and when the tumblers are in suchl a position the key can be inserted or withdrawn as in such position the slots 23, 22 and 33 areV all registering.

As before stated the slots 33 vary in shape and in this connection I might mention that the key is provided 'with varying length teeth 35, 36, 37 and 38, a tooth for each slot 33 of the tumblers. All the slots 33 have a part large enough to letthe longest tooth of the key pass in, but they are also provided with a distinct part in the form of a more or less limited offset which is adapted to receive in the turning of the key, the particular tooth of the key for that particular tumbler. This feature is best shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6 where the key teeth are shown as entered in the offset portions 33 of the slots V33. The offset portions 33 of the slots vary in width with the result that upon the key being inserted and turned the tumblers will be picked up by the'several key teeth at dierent times and after being picked up will be rotated with and by the key. As an example; if the offset be narrow, the key tooth wouldengage it quickly, whereas if it be wide it will be engaged at a later time in the turning movement of thekey and the tumbler will remain inert for a longer period. The slots 31 are normally out of registration, but they are adapted to come into alignment at the time all the tumblers have been picked up by the key teeth operating in the various slot offsets 33. This v aligning' of the slots 31 occurs in somewhat less than a quarter revolution of the key and after being aligned and during the further rotary movement of the tumblers under the infiuence of the key, the said slots are adapted to receive a gravity catch 39 located at the free end of a latch 40, the latch being pivotally carried by the pin 13 hereinbefore referred to. Y

After the catch has entered the slots 31 and the tumblers are turned further under the influence of the key ina clockwise direction, the latch will effect the in-pulling or unlocking of the dog 7 in which positionthe parts are shown in Figure 6. In Figure 4 the bolt 7 is shown as lockedY and the catch 39 is riding the working faces of the tumblers. In Figure 5 thetumblers have been brought to the position where the catch of the latch has dropped down into the slots 31.

In travelling, the locking log is limited by the pins 9 and 10 striking the forward ends of the slots 11 and 12.

A pressure spring 41 is associated with each tumbler, the object of which is to return the tumblers andV also to prevent the tumblers remaining in a position such tha-tthe slots 31 thereof are aligned unlessvthe same tumblers are brought directly to ,that position by the influence of the key. These springs are all fastened to a block 42 which is secured in place by screws 43 and 44 which screw into the back oftheV casing and pass through and fasten also the plate 14.

The block is provided with a. plurality of upstanding spaced guards 45, the guards being located betweenV and spacing the tumblers and receiving the spindle and all being provided with slots 46 corresponding to the slot 22 in the shaft, such permitting the key being entered. The said guards also prevent the key from being` withdrawn after it is rotated as the guards will then enter the spaces between the teeth of the key. It will also be observed that the upper ends of the guards are rounded and the springs 41 are adapted to wind aroundthe rounded ends of the guards when pressed back by the spring engaging pins 47 attached to the turnblers. rihs winding action is best shown by comparing the various positions of the springs in Figures 4, 5 and 6, The arrangement seri/*es also to increase the tension in the springs as the tumblers are rotated in a clockwise direction. Y

The upper part of the casing is prnvided with a cross rib or stop 48 which in the locked position'of the bolt, is adapted to engage with the innermost end of the latch and prevent any possible endshifting of the dog' and which functions also in the unlocked position of the bolt to prevent the latch from tripping out of the slots 31.

The catch 39 of the latch 40 has the side vtowards the rounded shoulders 32 of the tuinblers formed to present an inclined face and a rounded nose 49 and this nose is adapted to co-operate with the rounded shoulders 32 of the tumbleis to throw the' latch upwardly under t-he throwing back influence f the springs on the tumblers. ,The stop 18, however, prevents the catch. from fully working from the slots 31 until the inner or right-hand end of the latch has'escaped Y past the rib.` Uponreaching this latten poslots of the tumblers are only brought intol alignment by key teeth ofpre-determined length which will contact with the corners of the offsets farthest remote from the key shaft. Then a key having a number of comparatively short key teeth could be used and it would, if inserted, pick up all the tumblers one after the other and when so picked up, the slots 31 would be aligned. By having the sides, however, non-radial as shown, then a short toothed key as suggested, although it would pick up the tumblers, would not pick them up at the proper time, with the result that the slots 31 would not be aligned when all the tumblers were picked up and consequently the catch 39 could not enter the slot. f f

The catch 39 carries also a plurality of downwardly extending guards 50, the said guards operating between the tumblers. This latter provision is made to prevent one from aligning up the slots 31 by drilling a hele through the cover plate at the top and attempting with a convenient tool, to line up the said slots in the locked position of the bolt. Obviously the guards prevent any possibility of one seeing all the slots 31 even although a h-ole were drilled in the cover` plate. Further all the guards 50 would have to be broken off or dispensed with before the latter slots would come into View.

In the locked position of the bolt 7, the

of the key.

tumblers engage the back of the bolt and act in addition to` lock the bolt against movement.

' What I claim vas my invention is J 1. In a -key lock, the combination with a casing, of a bolt lplate slidably mounted .inl

the casing, a locking bolt `carried by the plate,.a rotatably mounted` key shaft carried by the casing, a Vplurality vof tuniblers rotatably carried by thejkey shaft andprovided with key admission slots and with an Aoffsetassociated with each of the slots adapted to receive the key teeth in the rotation of the key, a pivoted gravity latch carried by the bolt plate and riding the faces of the tumblers, said tumbler faces being provided each with a slot to receive the latch in the turning of the t-uinblers under the influence 2. Ina key lock, the combination with a casing, of a bolt plate slidably mounted in the casing and provided with an offset lockingbolt, a key shaftl rotatably carried byy n the casing, similar tumblers rotatably mounted on the key shaft, said tumblers presenting working faces concentric to the key shaft and having the working faces provided `with differently positioned latch receiving notches and said t-uinblers being also provided with key admission slots and offsets associated with said slots, the ffsetsY being adapted to receive the key teeth, av

gravity latch pivoted to the bolt plate and having the free end thereof normally riding the working faces of the tumblers, and adapted to enter the slots in said working faces upon the tuin'blers being turned by the key.

l 3. In a key lock, the combination with a casing, of a bolt plate slidably mounted in the casing and provided with an offset locking bolt, a key shaft rotatably carried by the casing, similar spaced tumblers rotatably mounted on the key shaft and provided adjoining the key shaft with key admission slots and offsets associated with the slots adapted to receive the teeth of the key in the turning of the key and provided further with working faces concentric to the key shaft, the working faces being fitted with differently positioned slots, the position of the slots in each tumbler depending on the width of the offset, a gravity latch pivotally carried by the bolt plate and normally riding the working faces of the tumblers and adapted to enter the slots in the working face upon the slots being aligned, return springs associated with the tuniblers and means for raising the gravity latch from the tumbler notches in the return of the tumblers.

4. In a key lock, the combination with a casing, of a keyy shaft rotatably mounted in the casing and having a key slot therein, a plurality of tumblers rotatably mounted on the lkey shaft and provided with key admislll() sion slots and a key tooth receiving oiiset Vassociated with each slot, a block permavover the respective` guards in the swinging of the tumblers.

5. In a key' lock, the combination With a casing, of a bolt plate slidably carried by the bac-k of the casing, a locking bolt carried by the bolt plate, a key shaft rotatably mounted in the casing, said shaft being provided with a key slot, a plurality of tumblers rotatably mounted on the key shaft, said tumblers presenting Working faces confl centric to the key shaft and having notches Vin each Working face and being provided sociated With the latter slots7 stationary guard plates situated between each tumbler and receiving the key shaft and provided with key admission slots, a gravity latch pivotally attached at one end to the bolt plate and disposed With its free end normally riding the Working faces of the tumblers, springs for returning the tumblers and means for tripping the catch of the latch from the slot in the unlocking of the locking bolt.

Signed at Vinnipeg, this 7 th day of February 1924. CHARLES J. DIEBLD. In the presence of- GERALD S. ZoXrUGI-I, W. C. BoGerss. 

